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Funeral directors are also called morticians or undertakers. Individuals in funeral service careers provide advice and counseling, legal documentation, assistance with administrative tasks, and the logistical management of human remains. Funeral service professionals provide counsel and advice to people prior to death as well as during and after bereavement. They must be sensitive to requirements of law, custom, and the accepted practices of the individuals and communities with whom they work. Most funeral directors are also trained, licensed, and practicing embalmers. Embalming is a sanitary, cosmetic, and preservative process through which the body is prepared for interment. The embalmer washes the body with germicidal soap and replaces the blood with embalming fluid to preserve the body. Embalmers may reshape and reconstruct disfigured or maimed bodies using materials, such as clay, cotton, plaster of Paris, and wax. They also may apply cosmetics to provide a natural appearance, and then dress the body and place it in a casket. Embalmers maintain records such as embalming reports, and itemized lists of clothing or valuables delivered with the body. In large funeral homes, an embalming staff of two or more embalmers, plus several apprentices, may be employed. Environment Funeral service personnel may be self-employed or employed by funeral businesses, the military, hospitals, educational institutions, and professional associations. Funeral directors often work very long, irregular hours. Many work on an on-call basis. Prep General college preparation is recommended. Coursework should include three math classes including algebra I, algebra II, and geometry (or a higher level math course for which algebra II is a prerequisite), three science courses including one biological science, one physical science, and one lab course, four English units, and two social studies units. It is recommended students should take two years of a foreign language. If available, a student should be enrolled in a health services endorsement area. This is defined as a broad course of study that allows students to explore career opportunities and apply academic knowledge and skills in health services. Academic A high school diploma or equivalent is required. Funeral Service Practitioners in Oregon must have an Associate of Arts Degree and serve a one-year apprenticeship. Out-of-state licensees with four years continuous experience in funeral service may have this education requirement waived. The funeral service curriculum must be approved by the American Board of Funeral Service Education (ABFSE). The United States funeral service accrediting agency, includes courses in: Legal, Regulatory and Ethical Area - business law, funeral service law and regulation, and professional ethics. Candidates must pass a state and/or national board licensing examination and participate in an internship or apprenticeship ranging from one to three years. Embalmers must obtain a two-year mortuary college degree and serve a one-year apprenticeship. Public Health and Technical Area - microbiology, anatomy, chemistry, pathology, restorative art, and embalming. Business Management Area -business management, funeral arranging, funeral merchandising, funeral home management, computer applications, Federal Trade Commission Funeral Rule, and accounting. Social Science Area - sociology of funeral service, psychology of grief, funeral directing, history of funeral service, communication skills, and counseling. Legal, Regulatory and Ethical Area - business law, funeral service law and regulation, and professional ethics. Candidates must pass a state and/or national board licensing examination and participate in an internship or apprenticeship ranging from one to three years. Earning Potential $28,410.00 - $91,800.00
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